Background. In the context of modern comprehensive psychological rehabilitation, habilitation, and readaptation of combat veterans, there is a high need to develop effective methods for reducing their distress and anxiety.

Objective. The study had its purpose to provide a theoretical review for substantiating the scientific and methodological principles of resocialization for combat veterans.

Methods. The study employed the method of theoretical analysis and generalization of domestic and foreign sources on the problem of resocialization for combat veterans.

Results. Meta-analytic data indicate that systematic desensitization based on virtual reality demonstrates effectiveness in reducing anxiety and distress in post-traumatic stress disorder and social phobias, offering advantages over traditional exposure therapy, including greater procedural flexibility and consideration of patient preferences. Its integration with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, biofeedback, and transcranial stimulation enhances the therapeutic effect. Public speaking training in a virtual reality environment appears prospective for promoting active resocialization by developing communication and speech skills.

Conclusions. The innovative method of cognitive-behavioral therapy by means of virtual reality exposure enables high potential for restoring the integrity of personality functioning by creating situations in which the individuals actively organize their own activity. Systematic desensitization in virtual reality, supplemented by the principle of subject's activity implemented through public speaking training, serves as an effective means of reducing distress and developing communication skills. It can be regarded as a promising direction in the resocialization of combat veterans. The conducted analysis highlights the necessity of normative regulation of resocialization as a comprehensive set of measures including systematic desensitization, social support, training and, consequently, the establishment of specialized socio-rehabilitation institutions for combat veterans.